Chloroacetic acid is a stronger acid than acetic acid. This can be explained using

The decreasing order of stability of the following anions is:

Match List-$I$ with List-$II$:
| List-$I$ (Mechanism steps) | List-$II$ (Effect) |
| :--- | :--- |
| $(A)$ Aniline resonance structure | $(I)$ $-E$ effect |
| $(B)$ Electrophilic addition of $H^+$ to alkene | $(II)$ $-R$ effect |
| $(C)$ Nucleophilic addition of $CN^-$ to alkene | $(III)$ $+E$ effect |
| $(D)$ Nitrobenzene resonance structure | $(IV)$ $+R$ effect |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

What are the characteristics of the inductive effect?

In compound $(X)$,hyperconjugation is present and in $(Y)$,resonance effect is present. What are $X$ and $Y$,respectively?

State True or False for the following statements:
$(i)$ The stability of carbocation is explained by the delocalized structure of hyperconjugation.
$(ii)$ The stability of carbocation is explained by drawing the resonance structure.
$(iii)$ Hyperconjugation effect is $(+)$ or $(-)$.
$(iv)$ Mesomeric effect is $(+)$ or $(-)$.