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(B) The extraction of borax from colemanite $(2CaO \cdot 3B_2O_3)$ involves the following steps:$1$. Colemanite is boiled with a solution of sodium ca

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$NaBO_2, Na_2B_4O_7 \cdot 10H_2O$

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(B) The extraction of borax from colemanite $(2CaO \cdot 3B_2O_3)$ involves the following steps:$1$. Colemanite is boiled with a solution of sodium carbonate $(Na_2CO_3)$:$2CaO \cdot 3B_2O_3 + 2Na_2CO_3 	o 2CaCO_3 \downarrow + Na_2B_4O_7 + 2NaBO_2$Here,$CaCO_3$ is the residue $(Z)$.$2$. The filtrate contains $Na_2B_4O_7$ and $NaBO_2$. Upon concentration and cooling,borax $(Na_2B_4O_7 \cdot 10H_2O)$ crystallizes out as the residue $(Y)$,while sodium metaborate $(NaBO_2)$ remains in the filtrate $(X)$.$3$. $CO_2$ is passed through the filtrate $(X = NaBO_2)$ to convert it into borax $(Y = Na_2B_4O_7 \cdot 10H_2O)$:$4NaBO_2 + CO_2 	o Na_2B_4O_7 + Na_2CO_3$Thus,$X$ is $NaBO_2$ and $Y$ is $Na_2B_4O_7 \cdot 10H_2O$.

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