Conversion of hexane into benzene involves the reaction of:

Choose the best method to prepare the given compound:

Identify the correct statements regarding the presence of a $-NO_{2}$ group in a benzene ring:
$A$. It increases the electron density of the benzene ring.
$B$. It deactivates the benzene ring towards electrophilic aromatic substitution.
$C$. It activates the benzene ring towards nucleophilic aromatic substitution.
$D$. It directs the incoming electrophile to the ortho and para positions.

Nitrobenzene can be prepared from benzene by using a mixture of conc. $HNO_3$ and conc. $H_2SO_4$. In the mixture,nitric acid acts as a/an

Which of the following compounds forms ortho-benzenedicarboxylic acid when oxidized by hot aqueous potassium permanganate?

The product obtained by the complete nitration of toluene is ......... .