Definitions / Explanation:
$1.$ Perisperm
$2.$ Chalaza

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(N/A) In some seeds, such as black pepper and beet, remnants of the nucellus are persistent. This residual, persistent nucellus is known as the $Perisperm$.
Opposite the micropylar end is the $Chalaza$, which represents the basal part of the ovule.

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The ovule is attached to which of the following?

Assertion $(A) -$ In majority of angiosperms,there is monosporic type of embryo sac development.
Reason $(R) -$ The embryo sac develops from the single functional megaspore.

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