Differentiate between $(a)$ oestrus and menstrual cycles; $(b)$ ovipary and vivipary. Give an example for each type.

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(N/A) Differences between oestrus and menstrual cycles:
Oestrus Cycle Menstrual Cycle
$(1)$ Occurs in non-primates like cows,dogs,and rats. $(1)$ Occurs in primates like monkeys,apes,and humans.
$(2)$ Characterized by a short period of heat or oestrus. $(2)$ Characterized by a menstrual phase involving bleeding.
$(3)$ The endometrium is reabsorbed if fertilization does not occur. $(3)$ The endometrium is shed and expelled through the vagina.

Differences between ovipary and vivipary:
Ovipary Vivipary
$(1)$ Organisms lay fertilized or unfertilized eggs. $(1)$ Organisms give birth to young ones.
$(2)$ Development of the embryo occurs outside the female body. $(2)$ Development of the embryo occurs inside the female body.
$(3)$ Example: Birds,Reptiles. $(3)$ Example: Mammals (except monotremes).

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Ovulation can be detected by

Match the columns.
Column-$I$Column-$II$
$(a)$ Parturition$(p)$ Attachment of embryo to endometrium
$(b)$ Gestation$(q)$ Release of egg from Graafian follicle
$(c)$ Ovulation$(r)$ Delivery of Foetus from uterus
$(d)$ Implantation$(s)$ Duration between pregnancy and birth
$(t)$ Formation of zygote by fusion of egg and sperm

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