Class 12BiologyPrinciples of Inheritance and VariationMix Examples- Principles of Inheritance and Variation
DifficultDifferentiate between the following:
$(a)$ Dominant and Recessive
$(b)$ Homozygous and Heterozygous
$(c)$ Monohybrid and Dihybrid.
$(a)$ Dominant and Recessive
$(b)$ Homozygous and Heterozygous
$(c)$ Monohybrid and Dihybrid.
(N/A) Dominant and Recessive
$(b)$ Homozygous and Heterozygous
$(c)$ Monohybrid and Dihybrid
| Dominant | Recessive |
| $1.$ $A$ dominant factor or allele expresses itself in the presence or absence of a recessive trait. | $1.$ $A$ recessive trait is able to express itself only in the absence of a dominant trait. |
| $2.$ For example,tall plant,round seed,and violet flower are dominant characters in a pea plant. | $2.$ For example,dwarf plant,wrinkled seed,and white flower are recessive traits in a pea plant. |
$(b)$ Homozygous and Heterozygous
| Homozygous | Heterozygous |
| $1.$ It contains two similar alleles for a particular trait. | $1.$ It contains two different alleles for a particular trait. |
| $2.$ Genotype possesses either dominant or recessive alleles,but never both. For example,$RR$ or $rr$. | $2.$ Genotype possesses both dominant and recessive alleles. For example,$Rr$. |
| $3.$ It produces only one type of gamete. | $3.$ It produces two different kinds of gametes. |
$(c)$ Monohybrid and Dihybrid
| Monohybrid | Dihybrid |
| $1.$ $A$ monohybrid cross involves parents that differ in only one pair of contrasting characters. | $1.$ $A$ dihybrid cross involves parents that differ in two pairs of contrasting characters. |
| $2.$ For example,a cross between tall and dwarf pea plants is a monohybrid cross. | $2.$ For example,a cross between pea plants having yellow wrinkled seeds and those having green round seeds is a dihybrid cross. |
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Which of the following is $NOT$ an example of incomplete sex-linkage (pseudo-autosomal inheritance)?
Which of the following statements are false?
$I.$ $A$ dominant allele determines the phenotype when paired with a recessive allele.
$II.$ $A$ recessive allele is weaker than a dominant allele.
$III.$ $A$ recessive allele does not show its effects when paired with a dominant allele.
$IV.$ $A$ dominant allele is always better for an organism.
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$IV.$ $A$ dominant allele is always better for an organism.
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