Differentiate between the following:
$(a)$ Repetitive $DNA$ and Satellite $DNA$
$(b)$ $mRNA$ and $tRNA$
$(c)$ Template strand and Coding strand
$(a)$ Repetitive $DNA$ and Satellite $DNA$
$(b)$ $mRNA$ and $tRNA$
$(c)$ Template strand and Coding strand
(N/A) Repetitive $DNA$ and Satellite $DNA$
$(b)$ $mRNA$ and $tRNA$
$(c)$ Template strand and Coding strand
| Repetitive $DNA$ | Satellite $DNA$ |
|---|---|
| $DNA$ sequences that contain small segments repeated many times in the genome. | $A$ subset of repetitive $DNA$ consisting of highly repetitive sequences that form distinct bands during density gradient centrifugation. |
$(b)$ $mRNA$ and $tRNA$
| No. | $mRNA$ (Messenger $RNA$) | $tRNA$ (Transfer $RNA$) |
|---|---|---|
| $1.$ | Acts as a template that carries genetic information from $DNA$ for protein synthesis. | Acts as an adaptor molecule that carries specific amino acids to the ribosome during translation. |
| $2.$ | It is a linear molecule. | It has a characteristic clover-leaf secondary structure (or $L$-shape $3D$ structure). |
$(c)$ Template strand and Coding strand
| No. | Template Strand | Coding Strand |
|---|---|---|
| $1.$ | Acts as a template for $RNA$ synthesis; its sequence is complementary to the $mRNA$. | Does not act as a template; its sequence is identical to the $mRNA$ (except $U$ replaces $T$). |
| $2.$ | It runs in the $3' \to 5'$ direction. | It runs in the $5' \to 3'$ direction. |
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View SolutionRead the following statements $:-$
$(i)$ Eukaryotic $\text{mRNA}$ is polycistronic whereas prokaryotic $\text{mRNA}$ is monocistronic.
$(ii)$ Prokaryotic $\text{mRNA}$ is cap-less and tail-less whereas eukaryotic $\text{mRNA}$ is with cap and tail.
$(iii)$ The precursor of prokaryotic $\text{mRNA}$ is $\text{hnRNA}$.
$(iv)$ In replication,only one of the strands acts as a template.
$(v)$ In eukaryotes,transcription occurs in the nucleus and translation in the cytoplasm.
Which of the above statements are correct?
$(i)$ Eukaryotic $\text{mRNA}$ is polycistronic whereas prokaryotic $\text{mRNA}$ is monocistronic.
$(ii)$ Prokaryotic $\text{mRNA}$ is cap-less and tail-less whereas eukaryotic $\text{mRNA}$ is with cap and tail.
$(iii)$ The precursor of prokaryotic $\text{mRNA}$ is $\text{hnRNA}$.
$(iv)$ In replication,only one of the strands acts as a template.
$(v)$ In eukaryotes,transcription occurs in the nucleus and translation in the cytoplasm.
Which of the above statements are correct?
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