Discuss why Drosophila has been used extensively for genetical studies.

(N/A) Thomas Hunt Morgan selected the fruit fly, $Drosophila \text{ } melanogaster$, for his genetic studies due to the following reasons:
$(i)$ They can be easily grown on simple synthetic media like ripe bananas in the laboratory.
$(ii)$ They have a short life cycle, completing it in about two weeks.
$(iii)$ A single mating can produce a large number of progeny, which is useful for statistical analysis.
$(iv)$ They exhibit clear sexual dimorphism, making it easy to distinguish between male and female flies.
$(v)$ They possess many types of hereditary variations that can be observed easily using low-power microscopes.