Explain the various phases of the cell cycle in detail.

(N/A) $ \Rightarrow $ $ A $ typical eukaryotic cell is illustrated by human cells in culture.
$ \Rightarrow $ The duration of the cell cycle can vary from organism to organism and also from cell type to cell type.
$ \Rightarrow $ $ A $ cell cycle is completed every $ 24 $ hours in human beings.
$ \Rightarrow $ Yeast can progress through the cell cycle in about $ 90 $ minutes.
$ \Rightarrow $ The cell cycle is divided into two basic phases:
$ (1) $ Interphase
$ (2) $ $ M $-Phase (Mitosis phase)
$ \Rightarrow $ The $ M $-Phase represents the phase when the actual cell division or mitosis occurs.
$ \Rightarrow $ The interphase represents the phase between two successive $ M $-phases.
$ \Rightarrow $ It is significant to note that in the $ 24 $ hours average duration of the cell cycle of a human cell, cell division lasts for only about an hour.
$ \Rightarrow $ The interphase lasts for more than $ 95\% $ of the duration of the cell cycle.
$ \Rightarrow $ The $ M $-Phase starts with nuclear division, corresponding to the separation of daughter chromosomes (Karyokinesis), and usually ends with the division of the cytoplasm (Cytokinesis).
$ \Rightarrow $ The interphase, though called the resting phase, is the time during which the cell is preparing for division by undergoing both cell growth and $ DNA $ replication in an orderly manner. It is further divided into $ G_1 $, $ S $, and $ G_2 $ phases.