Farmer $X$ planted Soyabean $+$ Maize $+$ Cowpeas in the same field simultaneously in a set row pattern. Farmer $Y$ planted cereal crop in one season and leguminous plants in the next season on the same piece of land in pre-planned succession. $(a)$ Name the cropping patterns used by farmers $X$ and $Y$. $(b)$ State two advantages of the different cropping patterns followed by farmers $X$ and $Y$ respectively.

(N/A) Farmer $X$ uses the Intercropping pattern. Farmer $Y$ uses the Crop-rotation pattern.
$(b)$ Advantages of Intercropping (Farmer $X$):
$1$. It ensures maximum utilization of the nutrients supplied to the soil.
$2$. It prevents pests and diseases from spreading to all the plants in the field by acting as a natural barrier.
Advantages of Crop-rotation (Farmer $Y$):
$1$. It helps in the replenishment of soil fertility by alternating crops with different nutrient requirements.
$2$. It helps in controlling weeds and pests,as different crops have different growth requirements and susceptibility to pests.