| Neural system | Endocrine system |
| $(1)$ Neurotransmitters are released due to nerve impulse stimulation. | $(1)$ Transported by blood throughout the body. |
| $(2)$ Primarily affects muscles and glands. | $(2)$ Induces changes in metabolic processes. |
| $(3)$ Rapid conduction of signals. | $(3)$ Slower response (seconds to days). |
| $(4)$ Reaction time is very short. | $(4)$ Reaction period is comparatively longer. |
| Hormones of adrenal cortex | Hormones of adrenal medulla |
| $(1)$ Steroid hormones. | $(1)$ Catecholamine hormones. |
| $(2)$ Affects kidney and various tissues. | $(2)$ Affects cardiac tissue and smooth muscles. |
| $(3)$ Regulates water-electrolyte balance and glucose metabolism. | $(3)$ Stimulates metabolic activities during stress. |
| $(4)$ Examples: Cortisol,Aldosterone. | $(4)$ Examples: Adrenaline,Noradrenaline. |
| Thyroid hormone | Parathyroid hormone |
| $(1)$ Main hormone is Thyroxine $(T_4)$. | $(1)$ Main hormone is Parathyroid hormone $(PTH)$. |
| $(2)$ Iodinated amino acid derivative. | $(2)$ Peptide hormone. |
| $(3)$ Increases basal metabolic rate. | $(3)$ Increases $Ca^{2+}$ level in the blood. |
| $(4)$ Hyposecretion causes cretinism or myxedema. | $(4)$ Hyposecretion causes tetany (muscle spasms). |
Explore More
| List-$I$ | List-$II$ |
| $A$. Cortisol | $I$. Stimulates the formation of alveoli in mammary glands |
| $B$. Aldosterone | $II$. Produces anti-inflammatory reactions |
| $C$. Cholecystokinin | $III$. Stimulates reabsorption of $Na^+$ and water from renal tubule |
| $D$. Progesterone | $IV$. Stimulates secretion of pancreatic enzymes and bile juice |
| Column-$I$ | Column-$II$ |
| $(a)$ Pituitary gland | $(i)$ Grave's disease |
| $(b)$ Thyroid gland | $(ii)$ Diabetes mellitus |
| $(c)$ Adrenal gland | $(iii)$ Diabetes insipidus |
| $(d)$ Pancreas | $(iv)$ Addison's disease |
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