Give scientific reasons: $DNA$ polymerase plays a dual function during $DNA$ replication.
(N/A) $DNA$ polymerase performs a dual function during $DNA$ replication:
$1$. Polymerization: It catalyzes the addition of deoxyribonucleotides to the $3'$ end of the growing $DNA$ strand, facilitating the synthesis of new $DNA$ strands.
$2$. Proofreading and Repair: It possesses $3' \to 5'$ exonuclease activity, which allows it to remove incorrectly paired bases (mismatched nucleotides) and replace them with the correct ones, ensuring high fidelity of replication. Additionally, it is involved in the removal of $RNA$ primers and filling the gaps with $DNA$ fragments.
$1$. Polymerization: It catalyzes the addition of deoxyribonucleotides to the $3'$ end of the growing $DNA$ strand, facilitating the synthesis of new $DNA$ strands.
$2$. Proofreading and Repair: It possesses $3' \to 5'$ exonuclease activity, which allows it to remove incorrectly paired bases (mismatched nucleotides) and replace them with the correct ones, ensuring high fidelity of replication. Additionally, it is involved in the removal of $RNA$ primers and filling the gaps with $DNA$ fragments.
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Similar Questions
Given below are two statements:
Statement $I:$
$DNA$ polymerases catalyse polymerisation only in one direction,that is $5^{\prime} \rightarrow 3^{\prime}$.
Statement $II:$
During replication of $DNA$,on one strand the replication is continuous while on the other strand it is discontinuous.
In the light of the above statements,choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Statement $I:$
$DNA$ polymerases catalyse polymerisation only in one direction,that is $5^{\prime} \rightarrow 3^{\prime}$.
Statement $II:$
During replication of $DNA$,on one strand the replication is continuous while on the other strand it is discontinuous.
In the light of the above statements,choose the correct answer from the options given below:
MediumNEET 2022
View SolutionThe experimental proof for semiconservative replication of $DNA$ was first shown in a:
Which enzyme is responsible for removing the $RNA$ primer during $DNA$ replication?
Medium
View SolutionGiven below are the two statements.
Statement $I$: In prokaryotes,there is only one replicon,however,in eukaryotes,there are several replicons in tandem.
Statement $II$: The two separated strands in a replicon of $DNA$ are prevented from rejoining by helicase enzyme.
In the light of the above statements,choose the correct answer from the options given below.
Statement $I$: In prokaryotes,there is only one replicon,however,in eukaryotes,there are several replicons in tandem.
Statement $II$: The two separated strands in a replicon of $DNA$ are prevented from rejoining by helicase enzyme.
In the light of the above statements,choose the correct answer from the options given below.
$E. coli$ has only $4.6 \times 10^{6}$ base pairs and completes the process of replication within $18$ minutes; then the average rate of polymerisation is approximately
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