Gout is a disease that affects the joints and leads to arthritis. It is associated with an abnormality of

Choose the correct statements.
$I.$ Kidney transplantation is the terminal mode of treating kidney dysfunction.
$II.$ Close relatives are often used as kidney donors to minimise risk of rejection.
$III.$ Cyclosporin-$A$ is used as an immunosuppressive drug in kidney transplant patients.
$IV.$ Heparin and anti-heparin are used in haemodialysis.
Choose the correct option.

Diabetes is detected by testing the urine of patients using which of the following?

Match the following pairs:

Column-$I$ (Disorder/disease)	Column-$II$ (Symptoms)
$1$. Nephritis	$a$. Oligouria
$2$. Chronic kidney disease	$b$. Proteinuria
$3$. Acute renal failure	$c$. Reduced kidney size
$4$. Kidney stones	$d$. Hazy urine

Choose the correct answer from the following options.

The accumulation of urea in the blood due to kidney failure is known as........

Isothenuria is