Hess's law is based on

On the basis of the following reactions,which one is correct?
$C_{(gr)} + O_{2_{(g)}} \to CO_{2_{(g)}}, \Delta H = x \ kJ/mol$
$C_{(gr)} + \frac{1}{2} O_{2_{(g)}} \to CO_{(g)}, \Delta H = y \ kJ/mol$
$CO_{(g)} + \frac{1}{2} O_{2_{(g)}} \to CO_{2_{(g)}}, \Delta H = z \ kJ/mol$

$XeF_{2(g)} + H_{2(g)} \to 2HF_{(g)} + Xe_{(g)}$,$\Delta H^o = -430 \ kJ$
Bond energy:
$H-H = 435 \ kJ/mol$
$H-F = 565 \ kJ/mol$
Calculate the average bond energy of the $Xe-F$ bond in $kJ/mol$.

Find the standard enthalpy of formation of $SO_{3(g)}$ from the following reactions:
$S_{8(s)} + 8O_{2(g)} \to 8SO_{2(g)}$; $\Delta H_1 = -2775 \ kJ/mol$
$2SO_{2(g)} + O_{2(g)} \to 2SO_{3(g)}$; $\Delta H_2 = -198 \ kJ/mol$

The bond enthalpies of heavy hydrogen $(D-D)$, oxygen $(O=O)$, and heavy water $(D-O)$ are $+400$, $+498$, and $+490 \ kJ \ mol^{-1}$, respectively. The $\Delta_{r} H^{\circ}$ of the reaction to produce $D_2O$ is:

Find the value of enthalpy of formation of $PCl_5(s)$ given the following thermochemical equations:
$1) \frac{1}{2} P_{4(s)} + 3Cl_{2(g)} \to 2PCl_3(\ell) ; \Delta H = -635 \ kJ$
$2) PCl_3(\ell) + Cl_{2(g)} \to PCl_{5(s)} ; \Delta H = -137 \ kJ$