How can a change in the size of the eyeball be a reason for $(a)$ Myopia and $(b)$ Hypermetropia? Compare the size of the eyeball with that of a normal eye in each case. How does this change in size affect the position of the image in each case?

The far point of a myopic person is $80 \, cm$ in front of the eyes. What is the nature and power of the lens required to enable him to see very distant objects distinctly?

$A$ person needs a lens of power $-2.5 \ D$ for correcting his vision. Name the defect of vision he is suffering from. Which lens will he be using for the correction? Also,find the focal length of the lens.

$A$ person is able to see objects clearly only when these are lying at distances between $50\, cm$ and $300\, cm$ from his eye.
$(a)$ What kind of defect of vision is he suffering from?
$(b)$ What kind of lenses will be required to increase his range of vision from $25\, cm$ to infinity? Explain.

Study the diagram given below and answer the questions that follow it.
$(i)$ Identify the defect of vision represented in this case. Give a reason for your answer.
$(ii)$ Mention the two causes of this defect.

How is near-sightedness corrected?