How do metal carbonates and metal hydrogen carbonates react with acids? Give their chemical equations. Name the gas evolved during the reaction. What will happen when this gas is passed through lime water?

(N/A) Metal carbonates and metal hydrogen carbonates react with acids to produce the corresponding salt,carbon dioxide,and water.
$(b)$ Chemical equations:
$(i)$ Metal carbonate: $Na_{2}CO_{3}(s) + 2HCl(aq) \rightarrow 2NaCl(aq) + H_{2}O(l) + CO_{2}(g)$
$(ii)$ Metal hydrogen carbonate: $NaHCO_{3}(s) + HCl(aq) \rightarrow NaCl(aq) + H_{2}O(l) + CO_{2}(g)$
$(c)$ The gas evolved during the reaction is carbon dioxide $(CO_{2})$.
$(d)$ When carbon dioxide gas is passed through lime water $(Ca(OH)_{2})$,it turns milky due to the formation of white precipitate of calcium carbonate $(CaCO_{3})$.