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(A) We can distinguish between an alcohol and a carboxylic acid based on their reaction with carbonates and hydrogen carbonates.Carboxylic acids react

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By adding sodium carbonate solution.

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(A) We can distinguish between an alcohol and a carboxylic acid based on their reaction with carbonates and hydrogen carbonates.Carboxylic acids react with metal carbonates and metal hydrogen carbonates to evolve $CO_2$ gas,which turns lime water milky.Reaction: $	ext{Metal Carbonate} / 	ext{Metal Hydrogen carbonate} + 	ext{Carboxylic acid} ightarrow 	ext{Salt} + 	ext{Water} + 	ext{Carbon dioxide}$.Alcohols,on the other hand,do not react with carbonates or hydrogen carbonates,so no gas is evolved.

How would you distinguish experimentally between an alcohol and a carboxylic acid?

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