Identify the least stable species from the fo | vedclass

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(A) The stability of substituted ammonium ions depends on the number of alkyl groups attached to the nitrogen atom. Alkyl groups are electron-donating

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$NH_4^{+}$

Vedclass · Answer

(A) The stability of substituted ammonium ions depends on the number of alkyl groups attached to the nitrogen atom. Alkyl groups are electron-donating ($+I$ effect),which increases the electron density on the nitrogen atom and stabilizes the positive charge. As the number of alkyl groups increases,the positive charge on the nitrogen is better dispersed,leading to greater stability. $NH_4^{+}$ has no alkyl groups,$R-NH_3^{+}$ has one,$R_2NH_2^{+}$ has two,and $R_3NH^{+}$ has three. Therefore,$NH_4^{+}$ is the least stable species among the given options because it lacks the stabilizing effect of electron-donating alkyl groups.

Identify the least stable species from the following.

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