If $(1, y)$ is the solution of the linear equation of two variables $2x + 3y = 8$,then $y = \ldots$

The ages of two friends Ani and Biju differ by $3\, years.$ Ani's father Dharam is twice as old as Ani and Biju is twice as old as his sister Cathy. The ages of Cathy and Dharam differ by $30\, years.$ Find the ages of Ani and Biju.

Susan invested a certain amount of money in two schemes $A$ and $B,$ which offer interest at the rate of $8 \%$ per annum and $9 \%$ per annum,respectively. She received $Rs.\, 1860$ as annual interest. However,had she interchanged the amount of investments in the two schemes,she would have received $Rs.\, 20$ more as annual interest. How much money did she invest in each scheme?

Four years ago,the sum of the ages of a mother and her two daughters was $x$ years. What will be the sum of their ages after two years?

For a pair of equations $5x - 4y = 1$ and $10x = 8y + 2$,in usual notations $a_{1}b_{2} - a_{2}b_{1} = \dots$

Solve the following pair of linear equations by the substitution and cross-multiplication methods:
$8x + 5y = 9$
$3x + 2y = 4$