If the enthalpy of vaporization for water is $186.5 \ kJ \ mol^{-1}$,the entropy of its vaporization will be ...... $J \ K^{-1} \ mol^{-1}$ (Assume the boiling point of water is $373 \ K$).

In which of the following processes does entropy decrease?

Identify the correct statement regarding a spontaneous process:

What will be $\Delta S$ for the reaction: $2A + 3B \to 4C + 5D$ (in $J \ K^{-1}$)?
Given:
$\Delta S_A^o = 100 \ J \ mol^{-1} \ K^{-1}$
$\Delta S_B^o = 120 \ J \ mol^{-1} \ K^{-1}$
$\Delta S_C^o = 200 \ J \ mol^{-1} \ K^{-1}$
$\Delta S_D^o = 150 \ J \ mol^{-1} \ K^{-1}$

Which state functions are required to understand the second law of thermodynamics?

State the limitation of the $2^{nd}$ law of thermodynamics.