In electrophilic aromatic substitution reacti | vedclass

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Question

(A) The nitro group $(-NO_2)$ is a strong electron-withdrawing group due to its $-I$ and $-M$ effects. It withdraws electron density from the benzene

Vedclass · Accepted Answer

decreases electron density at ortho and para positions

Vedclass · Answer

(A) The nitro group $(-NO_2)$ is a strong electron-withdrawing group due to its $-I$ and $-M$ effects. It withdraws electron density from the benzene ring,specifically from the ortho $(o)$ and para $(p)$ positions through resonance. As a result,the electron density at the $o$ and $p$ positions decreases significantly compared to the meta $(m)$ positions. Since the electrophile is electron-deficient,it prefers to attack the position with relatively higher electron density,which is the meta position. Therefore,the nitro group is meta-directing.

In electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction,the nitro group is meta-directing because it

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