In pteridophytes,spores germinate to give rise to

Which of the following plant groups is considered the first terrestrial plants to possess vascular tissues,$xylem$ and $phloem$?

$A$: Seeds are formed by some species of spike moss.
$R$: All conditions for seed habit are fulfilled by these species of spike moss.

What is the chromosomal status of the gametophytic phase in pteridophytes?

Which of the following is not heterosporous?

Spores with chloroplasts are present in: