(A) The infectious and free $\text{RNA}$ particles with low molecular weight are known as $\text{Viroids}$.They were discovered by $T.O. \text{Diener}

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(A) The infectious and free $\text{RNA}$ particles with low molecular weight are known as $\text{Viroids}$.They were discovered by $T.O. \text{Diener}$ in $1971$.These particles lack the protein coat that is found in viruses,which is why they are called 'free' $\text{RNA}$ particles.Therefore,the correct answer is $A$.