Which of the following is not a predator?

Which characteristic allows species of the same type to coexist in the same habitat without competition?

In biological interactions,what does the interaction type $(+, 0)$ represent?

Statements
$I.$ Recent studies support competition as suggested in 'Gause's Competitive Exclusion Principle'.
$II.$ Gause's hypothesis states that if two species compete for the same resources,then one will be eliminated by the other species.
$III.$ More recent studies point out that species facing competition might evolve mechanisms that promote co-existence rather than exclusion.
$IV.$ Gause's competitive exclusion principle is effective when resources are in excess.
$V.$ Unlimited resources give better opportunity for adaptation.
Choose the correct combination of statements.

Identify the correct adaptations of parasites from the following list:
$a.$ Loss of unnecessary sense organs
$b.$ Presence of adhesive organs
$c.$ Presence of suckers
$d.$ High reproductive capacity
$e.$ Well-developed digestive system
Choose the correct option with respect to parasites.

Competition for food,light,and space is most intense in which of the following scenarios?