Lianas are vascular plants rooted in the ground and maintain erectness of their stem by making use of other trees for support. They do not maintain direct physiological relation with those trees. Discuss the type of association the lianas have with the trees.

$A$ female fig wasp enters the syconium of a fig,pollinates the flowers and lays eggs in the ovaries of some of the flowers. The young larvae grow up,eat (and kill) some,but not all of the seeds and complete their life cycle.
The fig is completely dependent on fig wasps to pollinate its flowers and the fig wasp requires figs to complete its life cycle.
The interaction between figs and fig wasps has aspects of:
$I.$ mutualism
$II.$ host-parasite interaction
$III.$ competition
$IV.$ ammensalism
$V.$ protocooperation
Select the correct option.

Which of the following can be truly considered a parasite?

Explain predation in detail.

Read the statements and choose the correct answer.
$Statement-I$: The Monarch butterfly feeds on poisonous weeds during its caterpillar stage.
$Statement-II$: It helps the butterfly to become distasteful to its predator.

Statement-$I$: In the absence of predators,prey species population can decline and cause ecosystem instability.
Statement-$II$: Predators are prudent in nature and overexploit their prey.