$A$ light wave enters from medium $1$ to medium $2$. Its velocity in the $2^{nd}$ medium is double that in the $1^{st}$ medium. For total internal reflection,the angle of incidence must be greater than.......$^o$.

Assertion: The maximum refractive index of the liquid for total internal reflection of the ray passing through the prism as shown in the figure must be $\sqrt 2$.
Reason: Here,the critical angle is $45^o$.

As shown,a narrow beam of light is incident onto a semi-circular glass cylinder of radius $R.$ Light can exit the cylinder when the beam is at the centre. When the beam is moved parallel to a distance $d$ from the central line,no light can exit the cylinder from its lower surface. Find the refractive index of the glass.

$A$ small source of light is $4 \ m$ below the surface of a liquid of refractive index $5/3$. In order to cut off all the light coming out of the liquid surface,the minimum diameter of the disc placed on the surface of the liquid is .......... $m$.

$A$ right-angled glass prism is shown in the figure. $A$ liquid film is in contact with the hypotenuse face. $A$ ray of light incident normally on the face $AB$ will undergo total internal reflection from the hypotenuse face,if the refractive index of the liquid is $\mu_l$ (given $\mu_{\text{glass}} = 3/2$).

Assertion $(A)$: Optical fibres are widely used in communication networks. Reason $(R)$: Optical fibres are small in size, light in weight, flexible, and there is no scope for interference in them.