List the main differences between mitosis and meiosis.

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(A)
Mitosis Meiosis
$(1)$ In mitotic division, a single division results in two daughter cells. $(1)$ Meiotic division involves two successive divisions - meiosis $I$ and meiosis $II$. These divisions result in four daughter cells.
$(2)$ Mitosis is known as equational division. This is because the daughter cells have the same diploid number of chromosomes as the parent. $(2)$ Meiosis $I$ is known as reductional division because the chromosome number is reduced to half. Meiosis $II$ is known as equational division because the sister chromatids separate and the chromosome number remains the same.
$(3)$ Prophase is short and does not comprise any sub-phases. $(3)$ Prophase $I$ is very long and comprises $5$ phases: leptotene, zygotene, pachytene, diplotene, and diakinesis.
$(4)$ There is no pairing of chromosomes, crossing-over, or chiasmata formation. $(4)$ In the zygotene stage of prophase $I$, the pairing of chromosomes occurs. During pachytene, crossing-over occurs. Chiasmata are formed in the diplotene stage.
$(5)$ Synaptonemal complex is not formed. $(5)$ Synaptonemal complex is formed during the zygotene stage of prophase $I$.
$(6)$ Anaphase involves the separation of the chromatids of each chromosome. $(6)$ During anaphase $I$, homologous chromosomes separate, while chromatids remain attached at their centromeres. During anaphase $II$, chromatids separate due to the splitting of the centromere.
$(7)$ Mitosis plays a significant role in the healing, repair, and growth of an organism. $(7)$ Meiosis brings about genetic variation and maintains the chromosome number across generations.

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$A$: In telophase,the two daughter nuclei formed at opposite poles contain the same number of chromosomes as the parent nucleus.
$R$: In anaphase,the centromere of each chromosome splits,allowing the sister chromatids to separate.

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$(D)$ Metaphase - centromere split
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