Nitration of aniline in a strong acidic mediu | vedclass

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(D) In a strong acidic medium,the lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen atom of aniline is protonated by the acid to form the anilinium ion $(C_6H_5N

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In an acidic (strong) medium,aniline is present as an anilinium ion.

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(D) In a strong acidic medium,the lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen atom of aniline is protonated by the acid to form the anilinium ion $(C_6H_5NH_3^+)$.The $-NH_3^+$ group is strongly electron-withdrawing due to its positive charge and exerts a strong $-I$ effect.This deactivates the benzene ring and makes it meta-directing for electrophilic substitution reactions.Therefore,the nitration of aniline in a strong acidic medium yields a significant amount of $m$-nitroaniline.

Nitration of aniline in a strong acidic medium also gives $m$-nitroaniline because

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