Physical force theory explains that:

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(D) Physical force theories,such as the Cohesion-Tension theory,propose that the ascent of sap is a purely physical process driven by transpiration pu

Vedclass · Accepted Answer

Both $(b)$ and $(c)$

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(D) Physical force theories,such as the Cohesion-Tension theory,propose that the ascent of sap is a purely physical process driven by transpiration pull and the cohesive properties of water molecules.These theories suggest that living cells are not required for the movement of water through the xylem,as the xylem vessels themselves are dead at maturity.Therefore,the ascent of sap can occur in both living and non-living systems,provided the physical conditions for water transport are met.Thus,both statements $(b)$ and $(c)$ are correct interpretations of the physical force theory.

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