Renin is released by

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(D) Renin is an enzyme secreted by the juxtaglomerular $(JG)$ cells of the kidney.When there is a fall in glomerular blood flow,glomerular blood press

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$JG$ cells

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(D) Renin is an enzyme secreted by the juxtaglomerular $(JG)$ cells of the kidney.When there is a fall in glomerular blood flow,glomerular blood pressure,or glomerular filtration rate $(GFR)$,the $JG$ cells are activated to release renin.Renin converts angiotensinogen in the blood to angiotensin-$I$,which is further converted to angiotensin-$II$ by a proteolytic enzyme.Angiotensin-$II$ acts as a powerful vasoconstrictor,increasing glomerular blood pressure and $GFR$. It also activates the adrenal cortex to release aldosterone,which causes the reabsorption of $Na^+$ and water from the distal parts of the tubule,thereby increasing blood pressure and $GFR$. This complex mechanism is known as the renin-angiotensin mechanism.

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