Sodium bicarbonate reacts with salicylic acid to form:

Write the chemical equations for the following reactions:
$(i)$ Reimer-Tiemann reaction
$(ii)$ Kolbe's reaction

Which of the following is a true statement about the reaction shown?

In the following reaction, condition '$A$' is -

Given below are two statements:
Statement $I$: Bromination of phenol in solvent with low polarity such as $CHCl_3$ or $CS_2$ requires Lewis acid catalyst.
Statement $II$: The Lewis acid catalyst polarises the bromine to generate $Br^{+}$.
In the light of the above statements,choose the correct answer from the options given below:

What are $X$ and $Y$ in the following reactions?