Spirogyra cells contain

Which of the following statements are applicable to brown algae?
$(I)$ They contain pigments like chlorophyll $a$,chlorophyll $c$,carotenoids,and xanthophylls.
$(II)$ They vary in color from olive green to various shades of brown.
$(III)$ Food is stored as complex carbohydrates,in the form of laminarin or mannitol.
$(IV)$ The cell wall is composed of cellulose and algin.
$(V)$ The cell wall is covered on the outside by a gelatinous coating of algin.

Which of the following is an exception in terms of its life cycle?

The Indian species of $Spirogyra$ in which Prof. Iyengar discovered direct lateral conjugation is:

Sexual reproduction in which cells of two different $Spirogyra$ filaments conjugate is known as

Green algae are considered as ancestors of higher plants because they share similarities with higher plants in terms of ........