State Faraday's laws of electromagnetic induction.

(N/A) Faraday proposed two fundamental laws regarding electromagnetic induction:
$(i)$ Whenever the magnetic flux linked with a closed circuit changes,an induced electromotive force $(emf)$ is produced in the circuit.
$(ii)$ The magnitude of the induced $emf$ in a circuit is directly proportional to the rate of change of magnetic flux linked with the circuit. Mathematically,this is expressed as $\varepsilon = -\frac{d\Phi_B}{dt}$,where $\varepsilon$ is the induced $emf$ and $\frac{d\Phi_B}{dt}$ is the rate of change of magnetic flux.