Statement $A$: As moving from equator to polar region,species diversity decreases.
Statement $R$: Amazon rain forest of South America has less biodiversity.

• A
  Statement $A$ and reason $R$ both are correct but $R$ is not correct explanation of $A$.
• B
  Statement $A$ and reason $R$ both are correct but $R$ is correct explanation of $A$.
• C
  Statement $A$ is correct and reason $R$ is wrong.
• D
  Statement $A$ is wrong and reason $R$ is correct.