Survival of plants in terrestrial environment has been made possible by the presence of

How do plants get nutrients?

The dead element present in the phloem is

What is the chemical substance that makes the cells of the sclerenchyma hard? Mention where this tissue is likely to be present.

Give reasons for:
$(a)$ Meristematic cells have a prominent nucleus and dense cytoplasm but they lack vacuoles.
$(b)$ Intercellular spaces are absent in sclerenchymatous tissues.
$(c)$ We get a crunchy and granular feeling when we chew pear fruit.
$(d)$ Branches of a tree move and bend freely in high wind velocity.
$(e)$ It is difficult to pull out the husk of a coconut.

Which of the following tissues has dead cells?