The C_4 plants are photosynthetically more ef | vedclass

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(B) $C_4$ plants are photosynthetically more efficient than $C_3$ plants because they possess a specialized leaf anatomy known as Kranz anatomy,which

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they have more chloroplasts

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(B) $C_4$ plants are photosynthetically more efficient than $C_3$ plants because they possess a specialized leaf anatomy known as Kranz anatomy,which includes two types of chloroplasts: bundle sheath chloroplasts and mesophyll chloroplasts.These plants operate a dicarboxylic acid cycle (Hatch-Slack pathway) in addition to the Calvin cycle.The primary $CO_2$ acceptor molecule,phosphoenolpyruvate $(PEP)$,is present in mesophyll cells and has a very high affinity for $CO_2$,even at low concentrations.This mechanism effectively minimizes photorespiration,as the $CO_2$ concentration around the enzyme $RuBisCO$ is kept high,making them more efficient.

The $C_4$ plants are photosynthetically more efficient than $C_3$ plants because

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Provide the full names for the following abbreviations:
$(1)$ $PEP$
$(2)$ $PEPcase$

In the Hatch-Slack pathway,which enzyme is used for the fixation of $CO_2$?

Which of the following characteristics out of $I, II, III, IV$ are exhibited by $C_{4}$ plants?
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$II$. Oxaloacetic acid
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$IV$. Found only in desert area

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