The average translational kinetic energy of ${N}_{2}$ gas molecules at $... {}^{\circ} {C}$ becomes equal to the ${K.E.}$ of an electron accelerated from rest through a potential difference of $0.1 \ V$. (Given ${k}_{B} = 1.38 \times 10^{-23} \ J/K$). (Fill the nearest integer).

Which of the following graphs represents the variation of $\beta = -(dV/dP)$ with pressure $P$ for an ideal gas kept at a constant temperature?

Which scientists contributed to the kinetic theory of gases?

One mole of an ideal gas at standard temperature and pressure occupies $22.4 \; L$ (molar volume). What is the ratio of molar volume to the atomic volume of a mole of hydrogen? (Take the size of a hydrogen molecule to be about $1 \; \mathring{A}$). Why is this ratio so large?

Statement $(I)$: Gas thermometers are less sensitive than liquid thermometers.
Statement $(II)$: The ratio of the universal gas constant and Avogadro's number is called Boltzmann's constant.
Statement $(III)$: The density of a given mass of a gas at constant pressure is inversely proportional to its absolute temperature.
The correct option among the following is:

Two boxes containing different ideal gases are placed on a table. Box $A$ contains $1 \text{ mole}$ of nitrogen gas at temperature $T_o$,and box $B$ contains $1 \text{ mole}$ of helium gas at temperature $(7/3) T_o$. If they are brought into thermal contact such that both gases reach a final common temperature $T_f$,what is the final temperature $T_f$ in terms of $T_o$? (Neglect the heat capacity of the boxes.)