The binding energy of the innermost electron in tungsten is $40 \text{ keV}$. To produce characteristic $X$-rays using a tungsten target in an $X$-ray tube,the potential difference $V$ between the cathode and the anti-cathode should be:

The structure of solid crystals is investigated by using

When $0.50\; \mathring{A}$ $X$-rays strike a material,the photoelectrons from the $K$-shell are observed to move in a circle of radius $23\; mm$ in a magnetic field of $2 \times 10^{-2}\; T$ acting perpendicularly to the direction of emission of photoelectrons. The binding energy of $K$-shell electrons is $..........\; keV$.

When $X-$rays pass through a strong uniform magnetic field,then they

$20 \ kV$ electrons can produce $X$-rays with a minimum wavelength of

The potential difference applied to an $X-$ray tube is increased. As a result,in the emitted radiation: