The decreasing order of acidity of the follow | vedclass

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Question

(A) The acidity of benzoic acid derivatives is influenced by the electronic effects of the substituents attached to the benzene ring.$1$. Compound $P$

Vedclass · Accepted Answer

$P > R > Q > S$

Vedclass · Answer

(A) The acidity of benzoic acid derivatives is influenced by the electronic effects of the substituents attached to the benzene ring.$1$. Compound $P$ is $o$-nitrobenzoic acid. Due to the ortho effect,it is the most acidic among the given derivatives.$2$. Compound $R$ is $p$-nitrobenzoic acid. The $-NO_2$ group exerts a strong $-I$ and $-M$ effect at the para position,which significantly increases acidity.$3$. Compound $Q$ is $m$-nitrobenzoic acid. The $-NO_2$ group exerts only a $-I$ effect at the meta position,which increases acidity but to a lesser extent than at the para position.$4$. Compound $S$ is benzoic acid,which has no electron-withdrawing substituent and is the least acidic.Therefore,the decreasing order of acidity is $P > R > Q > S$.

The decreasing order of acidity of the following benzoic acid derivatives is:

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