The elevation in the boiling point of an aqueous urea solution is $0.104 \ K$. What is its $\Delta T_{f}$ (in $K$) value? (Given for water: $K_{b} = 0.52 \ K \ kg \ mol^{-1}$,$K_{f} = 1.86 \ K \ kg \ mol^{-1}$)

  • A
    $0.0186$
  • B
    $0.186$
  • C
    $0.372$
  • D
    $0.0372$

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Properties such as boiling point,freezing point,and vapour pressure of a pure solvent change when solute molecules are added to get a homogeneous solution. These are called colligative properties. Applications of colligative properties are very useful in day-to-day life. One of its examples is the use of an ethylene glycol and water mixture as an anti-freezing liquid in the radiator of automobiles.
$A$ solution $M$ is prepared by mixing ethanol and water. The mole fraction of ethanol in the mixture is $0.9$.
Given: Freezing point depression constant of water $(K_{f}^{\text{water}}) = 1.86 \ K \ kg \ mol^{-1}$
Freezing point depression constant of ethanol $(K_{f}^{\text{ethanol}}) = 2.0 \ K \ kg \ mol^{-1}$
Boiling point elevation constant of water $(K_{b}^{\text{water}}) = 0.52 \ K \ kg \ mol^{-1}$
Boiling point elevation constant of ethanol $(K_{b}^{\text{ethanol}}) = 1.2 \ K \ kg \ mol^{-1}$
Standard freezing point of water $= 273 \ K$
Standard freezing point of ethanol $= 155.7 \ K$
Standard boiling point of water $= 373 \ K$
Standard boiling point of ethanol $= 351.5 \ K$
Vapour pressure of pure water $= 32.8 \ mm \ Hg$
Vapour pressure of pure ethanol $= 40 \ mm \ Hg$
Molecular weight of water $= 18 \ g \ mol^{-1}$
Molecular weight of ethanol $= 46 \ g \ mol^{-1}$
In answering the following questions,consider the solutions to be ideal dilute solutions and solutes to be non-volatile and non-dissociative.
$1.$ The freezing point of the solution $M$ is
$(A) \ 268.7 \ K \ (B) \ 268.5 \ K$
$(C) \ 234.2 \ K \ (D) \ 150.9 \ K$
$2.$ The vapour pressure of the solution $M$ is
$(A) \ 39.3 \ mm \ Hg \ (B) \ 36.0 \ mm \ Hg$
$(C) \ 29.5 \ mm \ Hg \ (D) \ 28.8 \ mm \ Hg$
$3.$ Water is added to the solution $M$ such that the mole fraction of water in the solution becomes $0.9$. The boiling point of this solution is
$(A) \ 380.4 \ K \ (B) \ 376.2 \ K$
$(C) \ 375.5 \ K \ (D) \ 354.7 \ K$
Give the answer for questions $1, 2$ and $3.$

The depression in freezing point of a $0.01 \, m \, NaCl$ aqueous solution is $0.37^o C$. The depression in freezing point of a $0.02 \, m$ aqueous urea solution is ..... $^o C$.

Which one of the following statements is false?

For a dilute solution containing $2.5 \ g$ of a non-volatile non-electrolyte solute in $100 \ g$ of water,the elevation in boiling point at $1 \ atm$ pressure is $2^{\circ} C$. Assuming the concentration of solute is much lower than the concentration of solvent,the vapour pressure ($mm$ of $Hg$) of the solution is (take $K_{b}=0.76 \ K \ kg \ mol^{-1}$)

The ionization constant of a monobasic acid $HA$ is to be determined. If a $0.025 \ m$ aqueous solution of the acid freezes at $-0.060 \ ^{\circ}C$,calculate the ionization constant $K_a$. (Assume molality = molarity and $K_f(H_2O) = 1.86 \ K \ kg \ mol^{-1}$).

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