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(B) In the given diagram of the alveolus:$A$ represents the Alveolar cavity,which is the primary site for the exchange of respiratory gases ($O_2$ and

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$A$: Alveolar cavity - Main site of exchange of respiratory gases

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(B) In the given diagram of the alveolus:$A$ represents the Alveolar cavity,which is the primary site for the exchange of respiratory gases ($O_2$ and $CO_2$) between the air in the lungs and the blood.$B$ represents a Red blood cell (erythrocyte),which is primarily responsible for the transport of $O_2$ and $CO_2$.$C$ represents the pulmonary artery/arteriole bringing deoxygenated blood.$D$ represents the capillary wall,which along with the alveolar wall,forms the respiratory membrane for gas exchange.Comparing the options,option $B$ correctly identifies $A$ as the alveolar cavity and its function as the main site of gas exchange.

The figure given below shows a small part of human lung where exchange of gases takes place. In which one of the options given below,the one part $A, B, C$ or $D$ is correctly identified along with its function?

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