The figure shows four wire loops,with edge lengths of either $L$ or $2L$. All four loops move through a region of uniform magnetic field (directed out of the page) at the same constant velocity. Rank the four loops according to the maximum magnitude of the electromotive force (e.m.f.) induced as they move through the field,greatest first.

  • A
    $({e_c} = {e_d}) < ({e_a} = {e_b})$
  • B
    $({e_c} = {e_d}) > ({e_a} = {e_b})$
  • C
    ${e_c} > {e_d} > {e_b} > {e_a}$
  • D
    ${e_c} < {e_d} < {e_b} < {e_a}$

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$(2)$ $|\Delta \phi|$ is proportional to the length of the wire projected on the $y$-axis.
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$(4)$ $|\Delta \phi| = \frac{4}{3} B_0 V_0 L$ for $\beta = 2$.

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