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(A) Gene therapy is an experimental technique that uses genes to treat or prevent disease.The first clinical gene therapy was performed in $1990$ to t

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Adenosine deaminase $(ADA)$

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(A) Gene therapy is an experimental technique that uses genes to treat or prevent disease.The first clinical gene therapy was performed in $1990$ to treat adenosine deaminase deficiency.$A$ four-year-old girl became the first patient to receive gene therapy on September $14, 1990$,at the $NIH$ Clinical Center.Adenosine deaminase deficiency,also known as $ADA$ deficiency or $ADA-SCID$,is an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder that leads to severe combined immunodeficiency.This condition is caused by the lack of the enzyme adenosine deaminase,which is essential for the proper functioning of the immune system.

The first clinical gene therapy was given in $1990$ to a $4$-year-old girl with an enzyme deficiency of:

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