The first law of thermodynamics is concerned with the conservation of

Describe an experiment of Benjamin Thomson regarding the heat produced by work.

The internal energy of an ideal gas is given by $U = 1.5 PV$. It expands from $10 \ cm^3$ to $20 \ cm^3$ against a constant pressure of $2 \times 10^5 \ Pa$. Heat absorbed by the gas in the process is (in $J$)

In a cyclic process, the work done by the system is

$1\,kg$ of water at $100^{\circ}C$ is converted into steam at $100^{\circ}C$ by boiling at atmospheric pressure. The volume of water changes from $1.00 \times 10^{-3}\,m^3$ as a liquid to $1.671\,m^3$ as steam. The change in internal energy of the system during the process will be $........kJ$ (Given latent heat of vaporisation $= 2257\,kJ/kg$. Atmospheric pressure $= 1 \times 10^5\,Pa$)

Which of the following laws of thermodynamics defines the term internal energy?