The increasing order of acidity among phenol, | vedclass

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(C) The acidity of phenols depends on the stability of the phenoxide ion formed after the loss of a proton. Electron-withdrawing groups $(EWG)$ like $

Vedclass · Accepted Answer

$p-$methylphenol,phenol,$m-$nitrophenol,$p-$nitrophenol

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(C) The acidity of phenols depends on the stability of the phenoxide ion formed after the loss of a proton. Electron-withdrawing groups $(EWG)$ like $-NO_2$ increase acidity by stabilizing the phenoxide ion through $-I$ and $-M$ effects,while electron-donating groups $(EDG)$ like $-CH_3$ decrease acidity through $+I$ and hyperconjugation effects.$1$. $p-$methylphenol: The $-CH_3$ group is an $EDG$,which destabilizes the phenoxide ion,making it the least acidic.$2$. Phenol: Acts as the reference compound.$3$. $m-$nitrophenol: The $-NO_2$ group exerts only a $-I$ effect from the meta position,increasing acidity more than phenol.$4$. $p-$nitrophenol: The $-NO_2$ group exerts both $-I$ and $-M$ effects from the para position,providing the strongest stabilization to the phenoxide ion,making it the most acidic.Thus,the increasing order of acidity is: $p-$methylphenol < phenol < $m-$nitrophenol < $p-$nitrophenol.

The increasing order of acidity among phenol,$p-$methylphenol,$m-$nitrophenol and $p-$nitrophenol is

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