The major product $P$ formed in the following reaction is

Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding the Reimer-Tiemann reaction?

Some compounds and their $pK_a$ values are given. Arrange them in decreasing order of their acidic strength.
$(i)$ Ethanol $(15.9)$,Phenol $(10.0)$,Cresol $(10.1)$,Water $(15.7)$
$(ii)$ $o$-Nitrophenol $(7.2)$,$m$-Nitrophenol $(8.3)$,Ethanol $(15.9)$,Water $(15.7)$,Phenol $(10.0)$

Which one of the following compounds gives aspirin on reacting with acetic anhydride in the presence of conc. $H_2SO_4$?

Phenol reacts with $CHCl_3$ and $NaOH$ (at $340 \ K$) to give

The increasing order of acidic strength of the given compounds is: