The major product of the reaction is

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(C) The reaction of an $\alpha$-amino acid with $NaNO_2$ and aqueous $HCl$ at $0 \ ^\circ C$ proceeds via the formation of a diazonium salt intermedia

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(C) The reaction of an $\alpha$-amino acid with $NaNO_2$ and aqueous $HCl$ at $0 \ ^\circ C$ proceeds via the formation of a diazonium salt intermediate.This diazonium group is an excellent leaving group.The neighboring carboxylate group participates in an intramolecular nucleophilic substitution reaction, displacing the diazonium group to form a cyclic lactone-like intermediate (an $\alpha$-lactone).Subsequently, water acts as a nucleophile to open this intermediate, resulting in the formation of an $\alpha$-hydroxy acid.Because the reaction involves two successive $S_N2$ inversions (one by the carboxylate and one by water), the overall process results in the retention of configuration at the chiral center.Therefore, the product is the $\alpha$-hydroxy acid with the same stereochemistry as the starting amino acid, which corresponds to option $(C)$.

Similar Questions

The major product $B$ in the following reaction sequence is:
$CH_3-CH_2-CH(CH_3)-CONH_2$ $\xrightarrow{Br_2/KOH, \Delta} (A)$ $\xrightarrow{(1) CH_3I (excess), (2) AgOH/\Delta} (B)$

The reagent used for the protection of the amino group during the nitration of aniline is:

$X \ g$ of ethylamine is subjected to reaction with $NaNO_2 / HCl$ followed by water; evolved dinitrogen gas which occupied $2.24 \ L$ volume at $STP$. $X$ is . . . . . . $\times 10^{-1} \ g$.

Select the percentage in which these amine derivatives are formed in the reaction mixture along with the reason for the nitration of aniline:

The decreasing order of the basic character of the following amines and ammonia is:

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