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(B) The $S_N1$ reaction proceeds via the formation of a carbocation intermediate. The stability of the carbocation determines the reactivity of the ha

Vedclass · Accepted Answer

$p-methoxybenzyl \ chloride > benzyl \ chloride > p-nitrobenzyl \ chloride$

Vedclass · Answer

(B) The $S_N1$ reaction proceeds via the formation of a carbocation intermediate. The stability of the carbocation determines the reactivity of the halide.Substituents on the benzene ring affect the stability of the benzyl carbocation through inductive and resonance effects.$1$. $p-methoxybenzyl \ chloride$: The $-OCH_3$ group is an electron-donating group $(EDG)$ by resonance ($+R$ effect),which significantly stabilizes the carbocation.$2$. $benzyl \ chloride$: This forms a standard benzyl carbocation with no additional substituents.$3$. $p-nitrobenzyl \ chloride$: The $-NO_2$ group is a strong electron-withdrawing group $(EWG)$ by both inductive $(-I)$ and resonance $(-R)$ effects,which destabilizes the carbocation.Therefore,the order of stability of the carbocations,and thus the reactivity towards $S_N1$,is: $p-methoxybenzyl \ chloride > benzyl \ chloride > p-nitrobenzyl \ chloride$.

The order of relative reactivity of the given halides towards $S_N1$ reaction is:

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