The process in which viruses are involved in sexual reproduction of bacteria is called

What is the shape of $Vibrio$ $cholerae$?

Barophilic prokaryotes are ..........

Assertion $A$: Bacillus and Coccus types of bacteria are found in colonial forms.
Reason $R$: In bacteria,cells formed by cell division remain surrounded by a secreted mucilaginous substance.
Which option is correct for Assertion $A$ and Reason $R$?

Chemosynthetic autotrophic bacteria like $Nitrosomonas$ obtain energy from $........$ for their $\text{ATP}$ production.

The existence of the process of transformation in cyanobacteria has been experimentally established by