The protons formed by the splitting of water | vedclass

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(A) During the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis,the water-splitting complex (oxygen-evolving complex) is associated with $PS$ $II$,which is

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Lumen of the thylakoids

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(A) During the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis,the water-splitting complex (oxygen-evolving complex) is associated with $PS$ $II$,which is located on the inner side of the thylakoid membrane.When water molecules are split $(2H_2O \rightarrow 4H^+ + O_2 + 4e^-)$,the protons $(H^+)$ are released directly into the lumen of the thylakoids.This accumulation of protons in the lumen creates a proton gradient,which is essential for the synthesis of $ATP$ via $ATP$ synthase.

The protons formed by the splitting of water are released in the

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